Does local government competition aggravate haze pollution? A new perspective of factor market distortion

Haze pollution has become a new threat to China's sustainable development, but it may be that local government behaviour can play an important role in the prevention and control of pollutants. A dynamic spatial autoregressive (SAR) model is used to study the relationship between local government competition and haze pollution. To further explore the indirect impact of factor market distortion on haze pollution and control potential endogeneity problems, a newly developed intermediary effect model that incorporates the characteristics of the generalized method of moments (GMM) is utilized to explore how factor market distortion indirectly affects haze pollution. The research results show that regional haze pollution in China is characterized by significant spatial correlation, and local government competition has a positive impact on haze pollution; that is, local government competition exacerbates haze pollution. In general, local government competition not only directly leads to an increase in haze pollution but also further intensifies it by distorting the local factor market, and the intermediary role of factor market distortion is approximately 7.04%. The results of the regional inspection found that competition among local governments in the eastern region did not lead to haze pollution, and distortion of the factor market did not exist as an intermediary effect. However, both direct and intermediary effects are significant in the central and western regions. Therefore, an official performance appraisal system that includes ecological constraints should be established to guide the benign transformation of local government competition, and an environmental management mechanism must be developed for joint prevention and control to reduce haze pollution. In addition, the free flow of factors and marketization are equally important.     

Periodic strategies in optimal execution with multiplicative price impact

We study the optimal execution problem with multiplicative price impact in algorithmic trading, when an agent holds an initial position of shares of a financial asset. The interselling decision times are modeled by the arrival times of a Poisson process. The criterion to be optimized consists in maximizing the expected net present value of the gains of the agent, and it is proved that an optimal strategy has a barrier form, depending only on the number of shares left and the level of the asset price.     

A note on “Bed allocation techniques based on census data”

Capacity planning and resource allocation are crucial to the cost-effective delivery of health care services. In this paper, we present an analytic approach based on a modified version of the Holt-Winters multiplicative seasonality forecasting model to determine the frequency distribution associated with a hospital care unit's census. This paper is a follow-up to the census frequency distribution simulation model described in Lapierre et al. (Socio Econ. Plan. Sci. 33 (1999) 25). We demonstrate that our model can provide census frequency distributions equivalent to the simulation model of Lapierre et al. [1], but without the computational effort common to simulation models.     

注册会计师审计鉴证失真的成因及对策

近年来,由于会计信息失真严重,注册会计师执业的独立性不强,相关民事赔偿制度不健全,以及注册会计师本身未按审计准则规范执业,导致了注册会计师审计鉴证严重失真。鉴于此,本文提出应从不断完善会计准则和会计制度,提高会计信息的质量;完善制度建设,提高注册会计师的独立性;建立健全民事赔偿制度,加大违规成本;加强注册会计师行业协会服务意识和行业自律;注册会计师规范执业等方面有效预防和控制审计风险,提高审计鉴证质量。     

金融风险度量方法的新进展

本文对风险度量的新进展进行了讨论,介绍了一些当前流行的风险度量工具,并从失真函数的角度考察风险度量,指出它们和传统方法的区别,同时对动态风险度量方法也进行了总结。     

上市公司会计信息失真的治理

上市公司会计信息失真是世界各国共存的问题,其根本原因在于利益驱动和惩罚不力。完善公司治理结构、强化中介机构监管、提高造假成本、建立信用机制是根治会计信息失真的有效途径。     

中小企业会计信息失真原因及对策

随着社会的发展,会计信息对投资者、企业,甚至是整个国家经济都有着举足轻重的影响。但由于多种原因,当前我国中小企业会计信息失真现象普遍存在,严重影响了中小企业经营决策的制定和我国经济发展。为此,在对中小企业会计信息现状和会计信息失真主要表现及原因分析的基础上,提出了针对该现状的治理对策。     

Economic liberalization and welfare in a model with an informal sector

The paper reexamines the conventional results relating to inflow of foreign capital, removal of protectionism and structural reform programmes, in a small open economy in terms of a two-sector general equilibrium model with an informal sector. The paper shows that in the presence of labour market distortion and a protectionist policy, inflow of foreign capital may be desirable irrespective of the pattern of trade of the economy due to its favourable impact on welfare. But the welfare implications of tariff reductions and/or structural adjustment programmes, such as deregulating the formal sector labour market, depend crucially on the economy's trade pattern. The paper provides an answer to the question as to whether in a developing economy labour market reform and tariff reform should go hand-in-hand or whether one should precede the other for welfare improvement.
JEL classification: F10, F13, F21, O17.     

激励扭曲与努力的无效分配——基于银行客户经理制模拟利润考核的有效性分析

文章首先通过运用多任务委托代理模型分析商业银行模拟利润考核制度的激励效应和扭曲效应,以及可能导致客户经理努力的无效分配;然后扩展分析银行模拟利润考核的有效性和模拟利润成本之间的权衡以及模拟利润的最优精确水平;最后结合我国商业银行的现实状况引申出与商业银行客户经理模拟利润考核制度相关的结论与政策建议。     

网络环境下对会计信息失真的全新认识

网络技术的发展将会对会计信息的生产模式带来新的思考,传统会计的个体性生产模式,难以适应网络技术的发展和社会化的会计信息需求。本文从会计信息失真的现有观点谈起,论述了网络环境下会计信息失真的根源,进而重新构建了网络环境下会计信息的生产模式,这对于治理会计信息失真、提高经济效益、完善宏观调控,都具有重要的意义。